The world map is far less permanent than most of us imagine. Borders shift, nations emerge and others disappear. Recent events such as Brexit remind us that political geography is constantly evolving. Throughout history, countries have been created, divided, absorbed or dissolved through conflict, changing alliances and, occasionally, a simple vote.
This month we thought it would be fun to explore two fascinating places that rarely appear in everyday conversation but have left their mark on history. They are perfect additions to your pub quiz knowledge and may even inspire a future adventure.
The first is Alwar, a former princely state in Rajasthan, India. Known for its magnificent palaces, tiger reserves and rich royal history, it often features in travel photography showcasing India's grand heritage.
The second is Hejaz, a historic region on the western coast of the Arabian Peninsula. Once an independent kingdom, it contains the holy cities of Mecca and Medina and played a pivotal role in the Arab Revolt during the First World War.
Neither exists today as an independent nation, yet both continue to shape culture, history and travel. They are certainly places we would love to explore one day.
ALWAR
Sovereign State: 1771 - 1949
Downfall: Unification of India
Population: 700,000
Area: 8,547 sq. Km
Location: India
The country was originally within the Matsya Kingdom. This princely state was established in 1770 with the backing of the East India company which at the time controlled 60% of India. It is famous for its forts and nature reserves. The state was swallowed in 1949 with the creation of the Indian Union and is part of Rajasthan.
HEJAZ
Sovereign State: 1916 - 1925
Downfall: Invaded by neighbouring kingdom
Population: 850,000
Area: 250,000 sq. km
Location: Saudi Arabia
Hejaz lies on the western side of the Arabian Peninsula, stretching along the Red Sea. During WW1 were promised their own state if they overthrew the Ottomans. Instead Hejaz remained under British influence. In 1925 the kingdom was invaded by the Sultanate of Nejd, the newly formed kingdom became Saudi Arabia.
